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M. spinalis capitis
may be absent; if present, it is usually fused with the semispinalis capitis.
Origin: spinous processes of the last two cervical and first two thoracic vertebrae
Attachment: External occipital protuberance of the occipital bone
Innervation: medial branches of the rami posteriores from C1 to C3
Antagonists:
Movement: Innervated on both sides: Extension of the spine; innervated on one side: Support of an already assumed ipsilateral lateral flexion or elimination of a contralateral lateral flexion.