yogabook / pathologie / overuse syndrome

overuse syndrome

Definition of

Possibly aseptic inflammatory, but often purely degenerative irritation of parts of the musculoskeletal system caused byoveruse. Typical examples are

1. Tendinitis/tendovaginitis/tendosynovitis such as De Quervain’s tendosynovitis of the radial thumb, Achilles tendon injuries(Achillodynia)
2. Insertional tendinopathies such as PHT, quadriceps tendinopathy, athlete’s groin(iliopsoastendinopathy), tendinopathy of the distal (arm) biceps tendon (frequent bending or rotating: weightlifters, manual workers, climbers), tendinopathy of the distal (arm) triceps tendon (baseball players, javelin throwers, weightlifters, manual workers)
3. Epicondylitis (e.g. epicondylitis humeri radialis or „golfer’s elbow“, epicondylitis humeri lateralis or „tennis elbow“)
4. Bursitis
5. Carpal tunnel syndrome
6. PFPS (Patellofemoral Pain, Jumper’s Knee)
7. ITBS (IT Band Syndrome, Runner’s Knee)
8. Plantar fasciitis (with or without exostosis „heel spur“)
9. RSI (mouse arm, secretary’s arm, cumulative trauma disorder CTD, occupational overuse syndrome OOS)
10. Shin splint syndrome (shin splint)
11. Exercise-induced compartment syndrome
12. Stress fracture

In the case of overuse disorders, there is usually a disproportion between stress and regeneration. For this reason, bradytrophic tissue is mainly affected, rarely tachytrophic tissue. The following overview shows the regeneration times of the tissues.

1. Mucosa 2 d
2. Skin tissue 7-10 d
3. Synovia (joint fluid) 7-14 d
4. Muscle tissue 3 – 4 weeks
5. Intervertebral disc (gelatinous nucleus) 2 – 3 weeks
6. Bone tissue 4 – 6 weeks
7. Lymph vessel tissue 4 – 6 weeks
8. Intervertebral disc (fibrous ring) 1 – 1.5 a
9. Tendon tissue 1 – 1.5 a
10. Joint capsule tissue 1 – 1.5 a
11. Tape fabric 1 – 1.5 a
12. Cartilage tissue 200 – 400 a

This table shows that the capsule, ligaments, tendons and also the annulus fibrosus of the intervertebral discs, as bradytrophic tissue, have incomparably longer regeneration and restitution times. Cartilage occupies a special position, as its regeneration time can only be calculated, since it is beyond any lifespan. One implication of this data is that muscles recover faster than the tissues that enable movement together with them, such as tendons and capsules, and that complete muscle recovery during a training program cannot be a sufficient criterion for ensuring that the other tissues are not overtaxed by the training program. This applies all the more if the type of training also demands the elasticity of the tendons instead of only transmitting slowly changing forces via the tendons.

Cause

1. Excessive use of a function of the musculoskeletal system leads to overloading of a structure, often the tendons.
2. Mismatch between stress and regeneration, particularly applicable to bradytrophic tissues.