yogabook / pathologie / ligament sprain

ligament sprain (pulled ligaments, distorsion)

Definition of

Temporary subluxation caused by an unphysiological demand on a joint resulting in structural injury (altered fiber arrangement, disruption of the waveform) of a ligament without tearing: Strain, possibly with tear. Frequently in the knee (twisting trauma), ankle (e.g. supination trauma in the ankle joint), much less frequently in the finger joint. Elbow, shoulder. In sports medicine it is divided into

1. Reinforcing ligaments: stabilize the joint together with the joint capsule
2. Guide bands: are involved in guiding the movement
3. Restraining straps: restrict flexibility

See also the general article on muscle injuries.

ICD T14

Cause

1. Forcible stretching in a joint beyond the normal extent

Predisposing

1. Sports with quick changes of direction and contact with opponents, e.g. soccer, rugby, handball, tennis, squash
2. Sports with catching/pushing movements such as volleyball, handball
3. Sports with a risk of falling, e.g. skiing
4. Wearing shoes with studs or a high-friction indoor floor

Diagnosis

1. MRI if necessary
2. Knee: drawer test, gravity sign test
3. Ankle joint: pop-up test, talus advancement

Symptoms

1. Pain at rest
2. Pressure soreness
3. Exercise-induced pain
4. possibly slight swelling
5. Joint instability, if applicable
6. Pain-reflective loss of strength in the surrounding muscles
7. No hematoma
8. Joint function not restricted apart from pain

Complications

1. Osteoarthritis: incorrect loading due to lack of stability

Therapy

1. PECH:

DD

1. Fractures