yogabook / pathologie / polyneuropathies

polyneuropathies

Definition of

Disease of peripheral nerves from non-traumatic causes

ICD G60 ff

Cause

1. Genetic: hereditary sensitive neuropathy or hereditary motor-sensitive neuropathy, primary amyloidosis, Refsum syndrome
2. for metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus or uremia
3. for MAS or malnutrition
4. for infectious diseases (leprosy, Lyme disease, HIV)
5. for endocrine diseases(hypothyroidism, acromegaly)
6. exogenous-toxic causes (lead and thalium poisoning, alcohol, medication)
7. for collagenoses and immunological diseases such as sarcoidosis, panarteritis nodosa and other vasculitides
8. for paraneoplastic syndrome
9. due to ischemia
10. for paraproteinemia
11. idiopathic polyradiculoneuritis

Diagnosis

1. Electromyography
2. Electroneurography
3. Biopsy of peripheral nerves

Symptoms

1. Distally emphasized sensitivity disorders, e.g. stocking-shaped hypesthesia and palhypesthesia (reduced sensitivity to vibration)
2. Onset usually in the lower extremity with weakening of the triceps surae reflex
3. later areflexia, flaccid paralysis, muscle atrophy
4. Disorders of the vegetative NS (cardiovascular system, bladder, rectum, sexual function, skin)
5. symmetrical distribution
6. Asymmetrical infestation, especially in diabetes mellitus and vasculitis

Therapy

1. Treatment of the underlying disease or elimination of the noxious agents
2. Physiotherapy