muscle: gastrocnemius

yogabook / muscles / gastrocnemius

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Muskeln Gastrocnemius Soleus Flexor digitorum longus Popliteus Plantaris Fibularis_longus Tibialis posterior Flexor hallucis longus fibularis_brevis Adductor magnus Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Gracilis Sartorius Tibialis posterior Flexor digitorum longus Flexor hallucis longus Bizeps femoris Gastrocnemius Trizeps surae Soleus Fibularis longus Fibularis brevis Fibularis longus Fibularis brevis

M. gastrocnemius

the biarticular calf muscle, which together with the soleus muscle extends the ankle (plantar flexion), but also acts synergistically with the flexors of the knee joint in the thigh and is significantly involved in supination. It spans the back of the knee joint, but is not very strong as a flexor. Due to a higher proportion of type 2 muscle fibers compared to the soleus, it is used for rapid movement rather than a supporting/holding function. The gastrocnemius – like the biarticular part of the hamstrings dorsally or the rectus femoris ventrally – has the same direction of movement (independent of the punctum fixum and punctum mobile in the knee and ankle joints dorsally; hamstrings also in the hip and knee joints dorsally; rectus femoris: ventrally in both joints), but lever arms of different sizes, so that it supports the necessary movements during walking and running, but does not have to undergo excessive ROM.

A bursa is often found under the medial origin and a sesamoid bone under the lateral head in 30% of cases. The medial caput is stronger than the lateral caput.
Origin: caput laterale of the lateral epicondyle of the femur and lateral third of the dorsal capsule
Attachment: calcaneus over the Achilles tendon
Innervation: Nervus tibialis from nervus ischiadicus from S1 and S2
Antagonists:
Movement: Plantar flexion OSG, supination USG, flexion of the knee joint
Strengthening postures (857): 1st warrior position, 3rd warrior position, 3rd warrior position Warrior pose: backwards against the wall, parsvottanasana, parivrtta trikonasana, parivrtta ardha chandrasana, parivrtta parsvakonasana, ardha chandrasana, uttanasana: eka pada prasarita, vrksasana, hasta padangusthasana, tadasana: eka pada prasarita, uttanasana: eka pada prasarita, John’s sequence, deadlift
Stretching poses (856): downface dog, 1st warrior pose, parsvottanasana, parivrtta trikonasana, parivrtta parsvakonasana, uttanasana: with block, uttanasana: ball of foot on block
Tests: O’Brien Nadeltest (Achilles tendon), Achillessehnen-Klopftest (Achilles tendon), Simmond-Test (Achilles tendon), Thompson-Test (Wadenkneiftest, Achillessehne),
definite yoga gastrocnemius flexibility test in downface dog single legged,
definite yoga gastrocnemius flexibility test in uttanasana on a block